Among the top producers of iron ores in the world, Brazil, Australia, China, India and CIS (former USSR) are important for their levels of production and Sweden is equally important for underground mining and its automation. In case of former four countries, 80 to 90 percent ores comes from opencast mines whereas in case of latter, actually entire production comes from underground mining. Mass production of iron ore in these countries has resulted in technological development especially in opencast mines, but every country has retained her technology culture in a particular form.
China
Since the formation of People’s Republic of China, iron ore mining has been developing from 0.6 million tonnes in 1948 to 520 million tonnes of crude ore (usable ore: 276.4 million tonnes) in the year during 2006. Iron ore production from underground mines has only 10 – 12 percent share. Considerable progress has been made in the field of mining technology and mining machinery . China is presently producing crude steel 420 Mt in the year 2006. This level of crude steel production will demand around 660 Mt of iron ore annually and to cope up with this situation, the country has taken sound steps.
Present Status
The methodology of extraction of iron ore being adopted in China is through open cast mining methods by shovel-dumper combination, shovel-dumper conveyor transport / Railway haulage transport. There are also few underground iron ore mines in China. Mining technology and major technical equipment for large opencast mines having production of 10 Mt and above have come up to the level of world’s developed countries. The recovery of iron ores from underground mines has come to about 80 percent, but dilution of ore with waste has come down to 15-20 percent, and for the underground mines, labour productivity has gone close to 2,000 tonnes per man-year.
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Major iron ore production countries
Major iron ore production countries
Among the top producers of iron ores in the world, Brazil, Australia, China, India and CIS (former USSR) are important for their levels of production and Sweden is equally important for underground mining and its automation. In case of former four countries, 80 to 90 percent ores comes from opencast mines whereas in case of latter, actually entire production comes from underground mining. Mass production of iron ore in these countries has resulted in technological development especially in opencast mines, but every country has retained her technology culture in a particular form.
China
Since the formation of People’s Republic of China, iron ore mining has been developing from 0.6 million tonnes in 1948 to 520 million tonnes of crude ore (usable ore: 276.4 million tonnes) in the year during 2006. Iron ore production from underground mines has only 10 – 12 percent share. Considerable progress has been made in the field of mining technology and mining machinery . China is presently producing crude steel 420 Mt in the year 2006. This level of crude steel production will demand around 660 Mt of iron ore annually and to cope up with this situation, the country has taken sound steps.
Present Status
The methodology of extraction of iron ore being adopted in China is through open cast mining methods by shovel-dumper combination, shovel-dumper conveyor transport / Railway haulage transport. There are also few underground iron ore mines in China. Mining technology and major technical equipment for large opencast mines having production of 10 Mt and above have come up to the level of world’s developed countries. The recovery of iron ores from underground mines has come to about 80 percent, but dilution of ore with waste has come down to 15-20 percent, and for the underground mines, labour productivity has gone close to 2,000 tonnes per man-year.